Tuesday, June 28, 2016

What is an example of hyperbole in Act III, Scene III, of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet?

In Act III, Scene III of William Shakespeare's tragedy Romeo and Juliet, the play's young male protagonist has been hiding with Friar Laurence while waiting for news of the punishment to which he will be subjected for his killing of Tybalt. As throughout Shakespeare's play, examples of hyperbole are numerous and begin right away. The friar enters his cell and summons Romeo, who, at least to the friar, has been granted a relatively benign reprieve: he will be permitted to live, but in exile from Verona. The friar declares that the young, tragic romantic seems destined for bad things: "Romeo, come forth, come forth, thou fearful man: affliction is enamored of thy parts, and thou art wedded to calamity." This is an example of hyperbole in that the friar is using exaggerated language to describe Romeo's tendency towards disasters. And this is the first line in Act III, Scene III. More such examples follow, including Romeo's response to Friar Laurence's announcement that the former's life will be spared, but that he must be banished from Verona: "Ha, banishment! Be merciful, say 'death'...Much more than death: do not say 'banishment.'" The friar believes that he is delivering good news to Romeo. The anticipated punishment for Romeo was death. Romeo, however, considers banishment or exile the practical equivalent of death because exile will deprive him of access to Juliet, with whom, as we know, he is quite smitten. Romeo's language, then, qualifies as an example of hyperbole.

Examples of hyperbole continue to pile up as Romeo decries the fate meted out to him by the prince of Verona: "Tis torture and not mercy; heaven is here." Again, Romeo uses exaggeration to make a point by suggesting that banishment from Verona is tantamount, in this example, to torture. And, soon after, Romeo again engages in exaggerated language to emphasize his disdain for the punishment of banishment: "There is no world without Verona's walls, but purgatory, torture, hell itself." We can logically surmise from Romeo's repeated employment of hyperbole that he is seriously unhappy about the prospect of being exiled, and it will be Juliet's nurse, upon her arrival, who attempts to verbally admonish him for his theatrics while Juliet lies weeping in her chambers.


Shakespeare was a master of language, and his use of hyperbole was frequent and poetic. Examples of its use run throughout Romeo and Juliet, as characters use exaggerated rhetoric for maximum effect. 

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