The Federalist party started with the supporters of the U.S. Constitution and a strong federal government. In the 1790s, Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury, became the party's leader. He advocated a national financial program that included a strong federal government. He also advocated the creation of a national bank (the Bank of the United States) and high tariffs, which are taxes on imported goods intended to promote domestic industry. Hamilton's followers, who...
The Federalist party started with the supporters of the U.S. Constitution and a strong federal government. In the 1790s, Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury, became the party's leader. He advocated a national financial program that included a strong federal government. He also advocated the creation of a national bank (the Bank of the United States) and high tariffs, which are taxes on imported goods intended to promote domestic industry. Hamilton's followers, who became the Federalists, were also in favor of Great Britain over France in international affairs. Many Federalists were from urban areas and states along the coast, including New England, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland, and they often were bankers and industrialists. They tended to come from higher socio-economic levels, and they were often Quaker, Congregationalist, or Anglican in religion. While most Federalists were from the north, some elite planters in coastal South Carolina also supported the party.
The Anti-Federalists coalesced around opposition to Hamilton, and their leader became Thomas Jefferson. Eventually, the Anti-Federalist party became the Democratic-Republicans. Their party believed in states' rights (and a weaker federal government), lower tariffs, and an agrarian system of economic development, rather than the industrial development favored by the Federalists. They were also opposed to the Bank of the United States and favored the French in international affairs. Many of their followers came from rural areas, including along the frontier and in the south and southwest. Many Democratic-Republicans were small farmers, artisans, or shopkeepers.
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